Docker 20.10 + 通常内置buildx，但是自己的环境可能是系统预装版 Docker，缺少buildx插件的二进制文件，会导致docker buildx命令无法识别
手动安装buildx+配置环境
1.创建 Docker CLI 插件目录（存放buildx二进制文件）
# 创建cli-plugins目录（若已存在则跳过）
mkdir -p ~/.docker/cli-plugins
# 同时创建系统级插件目录（可选，确保全局用户可用）
sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins2. 下载buildx二进制文件（适配 amd64 架构，Ubuntu 22.04）
访问buildx官方发布页（确认最新版本）：https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases，我们选择稳定版v0.12.1（兼容 Docker 28.2.2）；
执行命令下载并保存到 CLI 插件目录：
# 下载buildx二进制文件到用户级插件目录
curl -L \ "https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases/download/v0.12.1/buildx-v0.12.1.linux-amd64" \ -o ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
# 同时下载到系统级插件目录（确保sudo/其他用户可用，可选）
sudo curl -L \ "https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases/download/v0.12.1/buildx-v0.12.1.linux-amd64" \ -o /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
3.赋予buildx可执行权限
# 给用户级buildx赋予执行权限
chmod +x ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
# 给系统级buildx赋予执行权限（可选）
sudo chmod +x /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx4.验证buildx是否安装成功
# 查看buildx版本，有输出即安装成功
docker buildx version
# 查看buildx命令是否被识别
docker buildx lsdone…
一个回应
实战：
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ mkdir -p ~/.docker/cli-plugins
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ curl -L \
“https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases/download/v0.12.1/buildx-v0.12.1.linux-amd64” \
-o ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 –:–:– –:–:– –:–:– 0
32 50.8M 32 16.3M 0 0 79646 0 0:11:09 0:03:35 0:07:34 56255
32 50.8M 32 16.4M 0 0 79649 0 0:11:09 0:03:36 0:07:33 63773
32 50.8M 32 16.5M 0 0 79468 0 0:11:11 0:03:37 0:07:34 61258
32 50.8M 32 16.5M 0 0 79398 0 0:11:11 0:03:38 0:07:33 62620
32 50.8M 32 16.6M 0 0 79253 0 0:11:12 0:03:39 0:07:33 59975
32 50.8M 32 16.6M 0 0 79226 0 0:11:13 0:03:40 0:07:33 61224
32 50.8M 32 16.7M 0 0 79351 0 0:11:12 0:03:41 0:07:31 66449
33 50.8M 33 16.8M 0 0 79389 0 0:11:11 0:03:42 0:07:29 75875
100 50.8M 100 50.8M 0 0 87727 0 0:10:07 0:10:07 –:–:– 112k
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ sudo curl -L \
“https://github.com/docker/buildx/releases/download/v0.12.1/buildx-v0.12.1.linux-amd64” \
-o /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 –:–:– –:–:– –:–:– 0
0 50.8M 0 0 0 0 0 0 –:–:– 0:00:01 –:–:– 0
1 50.8M 1 527k 0 0 248k 0 0:03:29 0:00:02 0:03:27 878k
48 50.8M 48 24.8M 0 0 95226 0 0:09:20 0:04:33 0:04:47 91567
48 50.8M 48 24.8M 0 0 94979 0 0:09:21 0:04:34 0:04:47 75503
48 50.8M 48 24.8M 0 0 94887 0 0:09:22 0:04:35 0:04:47 65639
49 50.8M 49 24.9M 0 0 94897 0 0:09:21 0:04:36 0:04:45 68276
49 50.8M 49 25.0M 0 0 94972 0 0:09:21 0:04:37 0:04:44 74948
100 50.8M 100 50.8M 0 0 95994 0 0:09:15 0:09:15 –:–:– 84283
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ chmod +x ~/.docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod +x /usr/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ docker buildx version
github.com/docker/buildx v0.12.1 30feaa1a915b869ebc2eea6328624b49facd4bfb
ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ docker buildx ls
NAME/NODE DRIVER/ENDPOINT STATUS BUILDKIT PLATFORMS
default * docker
default default running v0.22.0 linux/amd64, linux/amd64/v2, linux/amd64/v3, linux/386